Brief History

Bhutan’s historical period begins at about 747 A.D, when the revered religious leader Guru Padama Sambhava came from Tibet and introduced Buddhism to the country. Before the introduction of Buddhism, the country was likely to have existed independently, but without a central authority. Bhutan’s recorded history is connected to Buddhism. Throughout its history, Bhutan has maintained its independence. In 1907 it became a monarchy, but an unusual one. Because of the rural setting of the Bhutanese monarchy, close contact between the king and his people is encouraged. The king lives simply, being more concerned about his subjects than with rituals. Bhutan has been quite isolated historically but has recently become more progressive and democratic. In 1999 the government stopped restricting television broadcasting and allowed citizens to have the internet. In 2008 Bhutan became more democratic, transitioning from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy.

National Flag

The flag of Bhutan is split diagonally, one side being a yellowish color and the other being orangish. The yellow symbolizes the authority of the king and the orange symbolizes the Drukpa monasteries. The white dragon symbolizes purity and loyalty. The flag of Bhutan was officially adopted in 1965.

Geography

Bhutan is a landlocked country in southern Asia. It is located in the eastern Himalayas. Bhutan is bordered by India and China. The physical geography of Bhutan is mostly steep, high mountains as well as swift rivers. About 71% of Bhutan is forested.

World Land Mass Ranking: 136th
Highest Mountain: Gangkhar Puensum, 7,570 meters (24,836 ft)
Longest River: Manas river, 234 miles

Main Languages

Dzongkha (official)

Bhutan Population: 763,092 (as of 2019)
Capital City: Thimphu
Capital City Population: 114,551 (as of 2017)

Climate

In the northern regions of Bhutan, it is very cold with weather conditions similar to the arctic. But in southern Bhutan temperatures are hot and humid in the summer, and cool in the winter. Monsoon rains are usually very heavy. Bhutan has four seasons, Spring, Summer, Autumn, and Winter.

Key People

• Jigme Singye Wangchuck
• Kelly Dorji
• Chencho Gyeltshen

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  Cuisine

  The cuisine of Bhutan has been influenced by its neighbors China and India. However, Bhutan cuisine still has a unique flavor and style. The national dish of Bhutan is Ema Datshi, a spicy dish consisting of chili peppers in a cheesy sauce. Two other popular dishes are Momos (a steamed dumpling that can be filled with a variety of things), and Phaksha Paa (a pork stew with red chili peppers). Red rice is a staple food in Bhutan, and is often eaten with many dishes. Buckwheat and corn are also eaten in Bhutan. The main meats are chicken, yak meat, pork, and lamb. In Bhutan, it is customary to refuse food when it is first offered to you, but you can give in on the second or third offer.

  The picture is a picture of Ema Datshi, the national dish of Bhutan.

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  Sports

  The sport in Bhutan is a mixture of older, more traditional sports and popular modern sports. The national sport of Bhutan is archery. It is also the most popular sport and has been an important part of Bhutanese culture for a long time. Bhutanese archers have participated in various competitions, including the Olympics. Other traditional sports played in Bhutan include pundo, digor, soksom, and khuru. In more recent years, sports such as cricket, football, and basketball have gained popularity in Bhutan.

  The picture is a picture of an archery competition held at the capital city of Bhutan, Thimphu.

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  Culture

  Although Bhutan is a small country, its culture is very rich and diverse. One important part of the culture in Bhutan is festivals, and each village is known for having a unique festival. At these festivals dances–usually about significant events in Bhutanese history– are performed. Along with these festivals, dance, music, and traditional dress are all important parts of Bhutanese culture. Literature is also important, although much learning has been passed down orally throughout the ages. Architecture in Bhutan is unique and beautiful. Religion plays a major part in Bhutanese culture. The predominant religion is Buddhism, followed by Hinduism.

  The picture is a picture of a music parade in Bhutan.

  Bhutan is a beautiful country with wonderful people.

   

  Download questions about the Bhutan here: Bhutan (answers are on this page)

  For further reading and more info on the Bhutan visit https://kids.kiddle.co/Bhutan