Germany

28th of June 2023 07:45:03 AM

Brief History After the last Ice Age—about 10,000 years ago—humans settled in northern Europe. Germanic-speaking tribes have been in the area that is now Germany for centuries. From 768 to 814, the area was a part of the Frankish empire under the rule of Charlemagne. The Kingdom of Germany became…

The Democratic Republic of the Congo

29th of September 2022 09:41:01 AM

Brief History The Democratic Republic of the Congo is the second-largest country on the African continent and has more than 200 different ethnic groups. The area was inhabited by native people for thousands of years, and human remains have been found that dated to 90,000 years ago. These early people…

Georgia

29th of September 2022 09:32:16 AM

Brief History Humans have inhabited the land that is now Georgia since prehistoric times. Georgia was under Roman control from the 1st century BC and the 7th century AD. Shortly after converting to Christianity in 330, Georgia became closely tied with the Byzantine empire. In 1220, the Mongols invaded Georgia.…

The Gambia

29th of September 2022 07:58:30 AM

Brief History Not much is known about early Gambian history. The first written records of The Gambia came from Carthaginian travelers in the 9th and 10th centuries. The area that is now The Gambia was once a part of the Mali and Kabuu Empires. In 1588, trading rights were sold…

Gabon

29th of September 2022 07:28:29 AM

Brief History Pygmies were the earliest humans in Gabon, and their existence can be dated back to 7000 BC. During the 13th century, Bantu tribes entered the area. The first European exploration of Gabon was during the 15th century, when Portuguese explorers came to the area. The Dutch arrived in…

France

29th of September 2022 06:57:00 AM

Brief History France is one of the world’s oldest countries, and has a long and fascinating history. In 600 BC, a portion of Southern France was settled by the Greek Empire. The Greeks founded Marseille, which is now the oldest city in France. During this same time period, Celtic Gauls…

Finland

29th of September 2022 06:29:00 AM

Brief History Finland has been inhabited since about 9,000 B.C., during the end of the last glacial period. These earliest peoples were hunters and gatherers. During the Viking Age, Finland did not take part in exhibitions, but the inhabitants of the area traded and supplied furs. Due to the Northern…

Fiji

29th of September 2022 06:07:56 AM

Brief History The first settlers of Fiji were the Lapita peoples, who originated from southeast Asia and inhabited the South Pacific islands. From around 1000 to 500 BC, Melanesians began to settle in Fiji. Melanesians are the closest ancestors to present-day inhabitants of Fiji. These settlers established hierarchical communities and…

Ethiopia

29th of September 2022 05:52:01 AM

Brief History Ethiopia is one of the oldest independent nations in Africa. It has been inhabited for many thousands of years. The D’mt kingdom rose to power in Ethiopia during 10 BC. Then in the first century AD, the Aksumite kingdom rose to power, and their capital, called Askum, became…

Eswatini

29th of September 2022 05:21:12 AM

Brief History Humans have inhabited what is now Eswatini (formerly known as Swaziland) for a very long time. Artifacts dating back to the early Stone Age have been discovered in the area. The present people of Eswatini originally migrated south to Mozambique before the 16th century. Due to conflicts with…

Estonia

29th of September 2022 04:49:54 AM

Brief History Humans were living in what is now Estonia beginning in 8500 BC, at the end of the last glacial period. Ancient Estonians worshipped spirits of nature. During the Middle Ages, Estonia became a battleground and was fought over by Denmark, Russia, Germany, Prussia, Sweden, and Poland. Estonia has…

Eritrea

28th of September 2022 12:54:59 PM

Brief History Humans have inhabited Eritrea for thousands of years. The Kunama and Nara people lived in what is now Eritrea at about 3500 BC. During 2000 BC, the Beja people came to Eritrea from southern Egypt. Eritrea borders the Red Sea and has been ruled by various powers throughout…

Equatorial Guinea

28th of September 2022 12:42:05 PM

Brief History The area that is now called Equatorial Guinea was first inhabited by pygmies and other local tribes. The Fang and Bubi people migrated to the area during the 17th century. During the European colonization period, Spain took over land that included the area of Equatorial Guinea. Britain gained…

El Salvador

28th of September 2022 12:22:58 PM

Brief History The first known inhabitants of El Salvador were the Olmecs who lived in the area during 2000 B.C. followed by the Mayans in 1500 B.C. In 11 A.D., the nomadic Pipils migrated to the area from Mexico and began an agrarian lifestyle. Spanish conquerors took over the area…

Egypt

28th of September 2022 12:05:40 PM

Brief History Egypt has a long and important history. Ancient Egypt was one of the most powerful and influential civilizations in North Africa. Early inhabitants of Egypt were farmers who also wove linen and made pottery. Evidence of phonetic writing in Egypt dates back to about 3250 BC. Throughout Ancient…

Ecuador

28th of September 2022 11:37:32 AM

Brief History Ecuador was inhabited by indigenous groups for thousands of years. These early inhabitants were hunter-gatherers and fishermen. These native peoples lived in isolated groups and clans. Then the Inca Empire arrived, and after years of fighting, the Incas gained control of the land in the 1400s. In 1534,…

The Dominican Republic

28th of September 2022 11:18:59 AM

Brief History The Dominican Republic is a part of the island Hispaniola. It was originally inhabited by the Arawak people. On December 6, 1492, Christopher Columbus landed on the northwestern part of the island and claimed it for Spain. The population of the Arawak people severely declined due to diseases…

Dominica

28th of September 2022 10:59:35 AM

Brief History The first inhabitants of Dominica were the Ortoroids, who came to the island from South America. They arrived around 3100 B.C. and lasted until around 400 B.C. The Arawak people inhabited the island around 400 A.D. By 1400, The warring Caribs people wiped the Arawaks off of the…

Djibouti

28th of September 2022 10:21:11 AM

Brief History In the 3rd century B.C., Arabians migrated to what is now Djibouti. Their descendants are the Afars, which are Djibouti’s natives today. The Somali Issas came to the country soon after. Islam was introduced to the country in 825, now it is the nation’s predominant religion. In 1843,…

Denmark

28th of September 2022 09:57:01 AM

Brief History The first Danes were hunters and fishermen that came to the country at the end of the last Ice Age––as far back as 10,000 B.C. There were farmers in Denmark by 3000 B.C., and by 200 A.D. the Danish people began using the rune language writing system. The…

Czech Republic

28th of September 2022 09:31:46 AM

Brief History The Czech Republic was first inhabited by the Celts, who gave it the Latin name of Bohemia. In about 100 AD, the Germanic Marcomanni people conquered the area. Then the Slavic people lived in the area during the 6th century. During the 9th century, the Moravians formed the…

Cyprus

28th of September 2022 07:41:23 AM

Brief History Due to its location at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa, Cyprus was a part of many different ancient civilizations. From around 800 BC to 330 AD, Cyprus was ruled by the Assyrian, Persian, and Roman Empires. Starting in 330 AD and continuing for 800 years, Cyprus…

Cuba

22nd of March 2022 11:56:01 PM

Brief History The first settlers of Cuba were the Guanahatabey, Ciboney  and Taino people. Christopher Columbus was the first European to reach Cuba in 1492, and he claimed the land for Spain. In 1511, Diego Velasquez conquered Cuba and founded several settlements. Many of the native people died of European…

Costa Rica

17th of February 2022 11:10:19 PM

Brief History The first indigenous people living in Costa Rica were hunters and gatherers. In 1502, Christopher Columbus sighted Costa Rica during his last trip to the Americas. The Spanish gradually conquered the area, and in 1563 the city of Cartago became the first permanent settlement. Spaniards assumed that the…

Congo

1st of December 2021 08:48:38 PM

The Republic of Congo (Congo-Brazzaville) was first inhabited by Pygmies, whose culture was eventually replaced by Bantu tribes. The main tribe was a group called the Kongo, who established several kingdoms along the Congo River. Portuguese explorers were the first Europeans to arrive in Congo. Unfortunately, the Portuguese began to…

Comoros

30th of August 2021 08:43:49 PM

Comoros is a group of islands off the east coast of Africa. These islands are believed to be the first place of contact between Asian and African people. The islands were inhabited by a variety of people over centuries and were first discovered by Europeans in 1505. The Portuguese were…

Colombia

26th of August 2021 08:35:53 PM

Brief History Colombia has been inhabited for almost 12,000 years, and the first people developed small hunter-gatherer societies. The two main civilizations were the Tairona and the Muisca, which were organized into tribes and ruled by a chief. The Spanish arrived on Colombian soil in 1499 and built their first…

China

3rd of June 2021 11:18:12 PM

Brief History For much of China’s history, the area was ruled by various dynasties. A dynasty is a succession of rulers from the same family. The Xia dynasty, which was formed somewhere around 2250 BC, is believed to be the first. Following the Xia dynasty was the Shang dynasty, which…

Chile

3rd of June 2021 08:31:20 PM

Brief History The area that is now Chile has been occupied for as many as 10,000 years. Before being discovered by the Europeans, Chile was inhabited by different groups of Tribal Native Americans, including the Inca. By the 16th century, Spanish conquistadors began to colonize Chile. In 1808, Spain was…

Chad

2nd of June 2021 10:03:02 PM

The history of Chad is long and complex. The area that is now Chad is believed to be one of the places from where the human species originated; and it has been settled from as long as 6000 B.C. The earliest known civilization in Chad was a group called the…

Central African Republic

1st of June 2021 10:25:32 PM

Brief History The first groups of people to live in the area that is now the Central African Republic, or CAR, were nomadic and farmed and fished for a living. The CAR was first settled in the 7th century by a number of empires, including the Baguirmi, the Ouaddai, and…

Canada

17th of May 2021 10:01:43 PM

Brief History The land that is now Canada was first home to indigenous peoples who lived off of the land. The first Europeans to discover Canada were the Vikings when in 1001 Leif Ericksson landed and named the area Vinland. The Vikings had to later leave their established colony because…

Cameroon

3rd of February 2021 10:01:45 PM

Brief History The earliest inhabitants of Cameroon were the Baka, who were hunters and gatherers. Descendants of the Baka people still live in the dense forests of Cameroon’s southern and eastern provinces. The first Europeans to arrive in Cameroon were Portuguese explorers and traders in the 15th century. They arrived…

Cambodia

3rd of February 2021 09:48:55 PM

Brief History From 900 to 1400 AD the area that is now Cambodia was under the rule of the Khmer Kingdom. This society was very agricultural, and most citizens were farmers or craftsmen. In 1431 the capital of Cambodia was captured by the Thai people, causing the capital to be…

Cape Verde

3rd of February 2021 12:03:54 AM

Brief History The recorded history of Cabo Verde began when the Portuguese discovered the country in 1456. The islands were uninhabited, and the Portuguese established their initial settlement on the island of Santiago, which was the first European settlement in the tropics.  They named the country Cabo Verde (Cape Verde).…

Burundi

2nd of January 2021 01:35:45 PM

Brief History Starting in the 1500s, The Kingdom of Burundi was ruled by a series of kings called the mwami. This leader owned all of the land and would require a tax from local farmers. In 1856, European explorers and missionaries made brief visits to Burundi. In 1899, Germany gained…

Burkina Faso

19th of December 2020 11:55:51 AM

Brief History Archaeological digs have discovered tools from hunters and gatherers living in Burkina Faso from 14,000 BC to 5,000 BC. The first communities in Burkina Faso were villages, from about 3600 BC and 2600 BC. Then between the 8th and 15th centuries, Burkina Faso was a part of the…

Bulgaria

6th of December 2020 07:22:38 PM

Brief History The first group of people to leave lasting traces in Bulgaria were the Thracians. They were a tribal society and were skilled horsemen, farmers, and artisans. Thracians generally lived in fortified villages on hilltops, avoiding urban life. Eventually, they were conquered by Macedonian king Alexander the Great, and…

Brazil

21st of July 2020 07:03:55 PM

Brief History The first inhabitants of Brazil were Indigenous people who were in the area over 10,000 years ago. They lived mainly along the coast and near rivers. Not much is known of Brazil’s history before the year 1500, when Portuguese explorers arrived and claimed Brazil. The group was led…

Brunei

20th of July 2020 10:24:20 PM

Brief History Not much is known of pre-Islamic Brunei, but evidence shows the area was trading with the Asian mainland as early as 518 CE. From the 14th to 16th centuries, Brunei was the seat of a powerful sultanate. It ruled over all of Sarawak, Sabah, and Borneo, as well…

Botswana

5th of July 2020 10:40:03 PM

Brief History Botswana has been inhabited by humans for a very long time, some think it could have been as early as 200,000 years ago. The San and Khoi people were early inhabitants of the areas of Botswana and South Africa. They were first hunters and gatherers, and later some…

Bosnia and Herzegovina

5th of July 2020 10:40:48 AM

Brief History The area that is now Bosnia and Herzegovina used to be a part of the Roman Empire. The Romans occupied this area until the 6th century when it was conquered by the Byzantine Empire. After this, the area was a part of Hungary, and then an independent Christian…

Bolivia

21st of June 2020 11:13:41 PM

Brief History The present-day Aymara people consider themselves to be the native culture of Bolivia, but the area was inhabited by a more ancient civilization for over two thousand years before the Aymara arrived. When the Spanish conquistadors arrived in 1524, the area now called Bolivia was part of the…

Bhutan

21st of June 2020 08:35:15 PM

Brief History Bhutan’s historical period begins at about 747 A.D, when the revered religious leader Guru Padama Sambhava came from Tibet and introduced Buddhism to the country. Before the introduction of Buddhism, the country was likely to have existed independently, but without a central authority. Bhutan’s recorded history is connected…

Benin

9th of June 2020 09:07:36 AM

Brief History The history of Benin can be split into three categories: pre-colonial, colonial, and postcolonial. There isn’t any written history of pre-colonial Benin, but we do know that during the 900s the Edo people settled in the West African rainforests. These people grew a successful kingdom led by a…

Belize

9th of June 2020 09:06:41 AM

Brief History The history of Belize dates back thousands of years to the time of the Mayans. The Mayans were an advanced civilization, they were skilled in mathematics, created their own calendar, and came up with the concept of the zero. The Mayans spread in the area that is now…

Algeria

6th of June 2020 06:44:46 PM

Brief History Officially called the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the country is the largest on the continent of Africa and is the largest Arab country in the world. Algeria is the 10th largest country in the world, so it’s a very big space. Early remnants of occupation in the what…

Antigua And Barbuda

6th of June 2020 06:41:13 PM

Brief History Officially known as Antigua and Barbuda, the island nation is made up of two main islands, Antigua and Barbuda. It was the great explorer Christopher Columbus on one of his voyages to the region in 1493 that he first sighted the islands that are now Antigua and Barbuda.…

Argentina

6th of June 2020 06:40:09 PM

Brief History Officially known as Republica Argentina in Spanish, Argentina has a long history, dating way back to the Palaeolithic period, to when there was the first recording of a human presence.  By the time the Spanish came to conquer in the early 16th century there was not the many native…

Austria

6th of June 2020 06:36:59 PM

Brief History The Republic of Austria is a country in Central Europe, located on the east side of the Alps. Humans have lived in the area now known as Austria as far back as the Stone Age. The name Austria has been used since 996 AD. It was ruled by…

Azerbaijan

6th of June 2020 06:35:44 PM

Brief History Azerbaijan is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia—the area between the Black Sea and the Caspian sea. Its capital is Baku which borders the Caspian Sea. Historically, the word Azerbaijan referred to a larger area that formed part of Persia. This area was ruled in turn…

The Bahamas

6th of June 2020 06:34:52 PM

Brief History As early as 300 to 400 AD, people from Cuba migrated to The Bahamas and lived on seafood. Then from around 900-1500 AD, the Lucayan people settled on the islands. When Christopher Colombus arrived in the New World in 1492, there were about 40,000 Lucayans residing in The…

Bahrain

6th of June 2020 06:33:46 PM

Brief History Bahrain was the site of the ancient Bronze Age civilization of Dilmun. It was an important trade center, linking trade routes between Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley as early as 5,000 years ago. Bahrain's location has made it susceptible to being ruled by many different empires throughout history.…

Australia

6th of June 2020 11:40:42 AM

Brief History Indigenous peoples inhabited Australia for thousands of years before the Dutch and British arrived there. These people are commonly referred to as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders. Dutch and British explorers first arrived in the seventeenth century, and Captain James Cook arrived in 1770. He mapped the east…

Armenia

6th of June 2020 11:36:40 AM

Brief History Armenia is around 3500 years old, making it one of the oldest countries in the world. The oldest known ancestors of the Armenian people, the Hayasa-Azzy tribes, came from the highlands in western Asia. Around 3000 years ago, an Indo-European group called the Armens immigrated to Armenia from…

Angola

6th of June 2020 10:40:33 AM

Brief History Officially known as the Republic of Angola, but not always called Angola, and with a difficult history, Angola and its people have changed over a long period of time. Once the Kingdom of Kongo in the 14th century in the northern part of the country, and the Kingdom of…

Andorra

6th of June 2020 10:32:55 AM

Brief History Officially known as the Principality of Andorra, this small European nation is nestled on the border between the countries of France and Spain and has been a country since the 10th century when the country was ruled by the Count of Urgell. In the 13th century due to a dispute,…

Albania

6th of June 2020 06:43:20 AM

Brief History Officially called the Republic of Albania, the country’s early history dates to over 50,000 years, where traces of villages with people have been found through fossilised bones. In the middle ages, Albania was part of the Roman Empire. The 12th and 13th centuries there was a takeover of…

Afghanistan

6th of June 2020 06:02:16 AM

Brief History Officially called the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, it is believed that civilizations have occupied the country for more than 50,000 years. The first documented history is from the Achaemenian dynasty, which controlled the area from 550 BC until 331 BC. Alexander the Great defeated the Achaemenian emperor between…

Belgium

1st of June 2020 09:14:22 AM

Brief History The first settlers of Belgium were the Celtic tribe of Belgae. They lived in the area of Belgium until they were conquered by the Roman Empire in 100 BC. For the next 300 years, Belgium was a productive part of the Roman Empire. Then Germanic tribes invaded Belgium…

Belarus

1st of June 2020 09:04:04 AM

Brief History Evidence of human life in the area that is now Belarus, goes back to the Stone Age. Historically we know that the Eastern Slavs from the Krivichi, Dregovichi, and Radimichi tribes arrived there from the 6th to the 8th centuries. The Grand Duchy of Lithuania began to rise…

Barbados

1st of June 2020 08:42:18 AM

Brief History The first indigenous inhabitants of Barbados were the Amerindians who had come from Venezuela. They were called the Arawaks, and in 1200 they were conquered by the Caribs. Later Portuguese came to Barbados from Brazil, they called the island Los Barbados (bearded-ones) presumably because the islands fig trees…

Bangladesh

1st of June 2020 07:57:55 AM

Brief History Humans have inhabited what is now Bangladesh for over 20,000 years. Not much is known about these ancient civilizations besides what was recorded by the Greeks and Romans. Bangladesh was ruled by ancient Buddhist and Hindu states until it became a part of the Bengal Sultanate for much…